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Oceanic Niño Index (ONI)

Con fines históricos, los períodos que se encuentran por debajo y por encima de la Temperatura Superficial del Mar (TSM) normal son de color azul y rojo respectivamente, cuando el límite alcanza un mínimo de 5 temporadas consecutivas se traslapan. La ONI es una medida de la Niño-Oscilación del Sur, y otros índices pueden confirmar las características consistentes con un fenómeno oceánico-atmosférico que ocurren en estos períodos.

 

 

Año

DEF

EFM

FMA

MAM

AMJ

MJJ

JJA

JAS

ASO

SON

OND

NDE

1950

-1.4

-1.2

-1.1

-1.2

-1.1

-0.9

-0.6

-0.6

-0.5

-0.6

-0.7

-0.8

1951

-0.8

-0.6

-0.2

0.2

0.2

0.4

0.5

0.7

0.8

0.9

0.7

0.6

1952

0.5

0.4

0.4

0.4

0.4

0.2

0

0.1

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.3

1953

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.7

0.7

0.7

0.7

0.7

0.8

0.8

0.8

0.7

1954

0.7

0.4

0

-0.4

-0.5

-0.5

-0.5

-0.7

-0.7

-0.6

-0.5

-0.5

1955

-0.6

-0.6

-0.7

-0.7

-0.7

-0.6

-0.6

-0.6

-1.0

-1.4

-1.6

-1.4

1956

-0.9

-0.6

-0.6

-0.5

-0.5

-0.4

-0.5

-0.5

-0.4

-0.4

-0.5

-0.4

1957

-0.3

0

0.3

0.6

0.7

0.9

1.0

1.2

1.1

1.2

1.3

1.6

1958

1.7

1.5

1.2

0.8

0.7

0.6

0.5

0.4

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.6

1959

0.6

0.5

0.4

0.2

0.1

-0.2

-0.3

-0.3

-0.1

-0.1

-0.1

-0.1

1960

-0.1

-0.2

-0.1

0

-0.1

-0.2

0

0.1

0.2

0.1

0

0

1961

0

0

-0.1

0

0.1

0.2

0.1

-0.1

-0.3

-0.3

-0.2

-0.2

1962

-0.2

-0.2

-0.2

-0.3

-0.3

-0.2

-0.1

-0.2

-0.2

-0.3

-0.3

-0.4

1963

-0.4

-0.2

0.1

0.2

0.2

0.4

0.7

1.0

1.1

1.2

1.2

1.1

1964

1.0

0.6

0.1

-0.3

-0.6

-0.6

-0.7

-0.7

-0.8

-0.8

-0.8

-0.8

1965

-0.5

-0.3

-0.1

0.1

0.4

0.7

1.0

1.3

1.6

1.7

1.8

1.5

1966

1.3

1.0

0.9

0.6

0.3

0.2

0.2

0.1

0

-0.1

-0.1

-0.3

1967

-0.4

-0.5

-0.5

-0.5

-0.2

0

0

-0.2

-0.3

-0.4

-0.4

-0.5

1968

-0.7

-0.8

-0.7

-0.5

-0.1

0.2

0.5

0.4

0.3

0.4

0.6

0.8

1969

0.9

1.0

0.9

0.7

0.6

0.5

0.4

0.5

0.8

0.8

0.8

0.7

1970

0.6

0.4

0.4

0.3

0.1

-0.3

-0.6

-0.8

-0.8

-0.8

-0.9

-1.2

1971

-1.3

-1.3

-1.1

-0.9

-0.8

-0.7

-0.8

-0.7

-0.8

-0.8

-0.9

-0.8

1972

-0.7

-0.4

0

0.3

0.6

0.8

1.1

1.3

1.5

1.8

2.0

1.9

1973

1.7

1.2

0.6

0

-0.4

-0.8

-1.0

-1.2

-1.4

-1.7

-1.9

-1.9

1974

-1.7

-1.5

-1.2

-1.0

-0.9

-0.8

-0.6

-0.4

-0.4

-0.6

-0.7

-0.6

1975

-0.5

-0.5

-0.6

-0.6

-0.7

-0.8

-1.0

-1.1

-1.3

-1.4

-1.5

-1.6

1976

-1.5

-1.1

-0.7

-0.4

-0.3

-0.1

0.1

0.3

0.5

0.7

0.8

0.8

1977

0.7

0.6

0.4

0.3

0.3

0.4

0.4

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.8

0.8

1978

0.7

0.4

0.1

-0.2

-0.3

-0.3

-0.4

-0.4

-0.4

-0.3

-0.1

0

1979

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.3

0.1

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.5

0.5

0.6

1980

0.6

0.5

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.5

0.3

0.2

0

0.1

0.1

0

1981

-0.2

-0.4

-0.4

-0.3

-0.2

-0.3

-0.3

-0.3

-0.2

-0.1

-0.1

0

1982

0

0.1

0.2

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

1.0

1.5

1.9

2.1

2.1

1983

2.1

1.8

1.5

1.2

1.0

0.7

0.3

0

-0.3

-0.6

-0.8

-0.8

1984

-0.5

-0.3

-0.3

-0.4

-0.4

-0.4

-0.3

-0.2

-0.3

-0.6

-0.9

-1.1

1985

-0.9

-0.7

-0.7

-0.7

-0.7

-0.6

-0.4

-0.4

-0.4

-0.3

-0.2

-0.3

1986

-0.4

-0.4

-0.3

-0.2

-0.1

0

0.2

0.4

0.7

0.9

1.0

1.1

1987

1.1

1.2

1.1

1.0

0.9

1.1

1.4

1.6

1.6

1.4

1.2

1.1

1988

0.8

0.5

0.1

-0.3

-0.8

-1.2

-1.2

-1.1

-1.2

-1.4

-1.7

-1.8

1989

-1.6

-1.4

-1.1

-0.9

-0.6

-0.4

-0.3

-0.3

-0.3

-0.3

-0.2

-0.1

1990

0.1

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.3

0.3

0.3

0.4

0.3

0.4

0.4

1991

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.7

0.7

0.7

0.8

1.2

1.4

1992

1.6

1.5

1.4

1.2

1.0

0.8

0.5

0.2

0

-0.1

-0.1

0

1993

0.2

0.3

0.5

0.7

0.8

0.6

0.3

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.1

0.1

1994

0.1

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.4

0.4

0.4

0.4

0.6

0.9

1.0

1995

0.9

0.7

0.5

0.3

0.2

0

-0.2

-0.5

-0.7

-0.9

-1.0

-0.9

1996

-0.9

-0.7

-0.6

-0.4

-0.2

-0.2

-0.2

-0.3

-0.3

-0.4

-0.4

-0.5

1997

-0.5

-0.4

-0.2

0.1

0.6

1.0

1.4

1.7

2.0

2.2

2.3

2.3

1998

2.1

1.8

1.4

1.0

0.5

-0.1

-0.7

-1.0

-1.2

-1.2

-1.3

-1.4

1999

-1.4

-1.2

-1.0

-0.9

-0.9

-1.0

-1.0

-1.0

-1.1

-1.2

-1.4

-1.6

2000

-1.6

-1.4

-1.1

-0.9

-0.7

-0.7

-0.6

-0.5

-0.6

-0.7

-0.8

-0.8

2001

-0.7

-0.6

-0.5

-0.3

-0.2

-0.1

0

-0.1

-0.1

-0.2

-0.3

-0.3

2002

-0.2

-0.1

0.1

0.2

0.4

0.7

0.8

0.9

1.0

1.2

1.3

1.1

2003

0.9

0.6

0.4

0

-0.2

-0.1

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.4

0.4

2004

0.3

0.2

0.1

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.5

0.7

0.7

0.7

0.7

0.7

2005

0.6

0.6

0.5

0.5

0.4

0.2

0.1

0

0

-0.1

-0.4

-0.7

2006

-0.7

-0.6

-0.4

-0.2

0.0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.5

0.8

0.9

1.0

2007

0.7

0.3

0

-0.1

-0.2

-0.2

-0.3

-0.6

-0.8

-1.1

-1.2

-1.3

2008

-1.4

-1.3

-1.1

-0.9

-0.7

-0.5

-0.3

-0.2

-0.2

-0.3

-0.5

-0.7

2009

-0.8

-0.7

-0.4

-0.1

0.2

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

1.0

1.2

1.3

2010

1.3

1.1

0.8

0.5

0

-0.4

-0.8

-1.1

-1.3

-1.4

-1.3

-1.4

2011

-1.3

-1.1

-0.8

-0.6

-0.3

-0.2

-0.3

-0.5

-0.7

-0.9

-0.9

-0.8

2012

-0.7

-0.6

-0.5

-0.4

-0.3

-0.1

0.1

0.3

0.4

0.4

0.2

-0.2

2013

-0.4

-0.5

-0.3

-0.2

-0.2

-0.2

-0.2

-0.2

-0.2

-0.2

-0.2

-0.3

2014

-0.5

-0.6

-0.4

-0.2

0

0

0

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.6

2015

0.5

0.4

0.5

0.7

0.9

1.0

1.2

1.5

1.8

2.1

2.2

2.3

2016

2.2

1.9

1.5

1.1

0.6

0.2

 

Fuente NOAA